《北京历史文化名城保护关键词》出版

    导读：

    2022年是我国设立历史文化名城制度暨北京成为首批国家历史文化名城40周年。为帮助公众更好地了解北京历史文化名城，更好地保护、传承、利用北京丰富的历史文化资源，北京历史文化名城保护委员会办公室与北京市城市规划设计研究院共同编写《北京历史文化名城保护关键词》，由外语教学与研究出版社组织翻译和出版，并纳入“中华思想文化术语传播工程”。

    党的十八大以来，习近平总书记10次视察北京、18次对北京发表重要讲话，深刻回答了“建设一个什么样的首都，怎样建设首都”这一重大时代课题，为做好首都工作指明了方向。

    在习近平总书记重要指示批示和重要讲话精神引领下，北京坚持首善标准，持续完善历史文化名城保护体制机制，逐步构建起全市域、全要素的历史文化名城保护传承体系，积极推动全社会积极参与历史文化名城保护工作。

    北京历史文化名城保护委员会办公室与北京市城市规划设计研究院共同编写《北京历史文化名城保护关键词》，系统梳理北京“历史沿革与营城理念”“保护体系与保护对象”“保护要求与保护措施”三方面的专有名词，从中筛选出110个“关键词”。依据有关国际组织文件、我国法律法规条文，结合学术研究成果和北京名城保护实践给予中英文释义。在“中华思想文化术语传播工程”大力支持下，本书以汉英对照形式出版，是落实北京城市战略定位，助力全国文化中心和国际交往中心建设的最新举措。

    本书是我国设立历史文化名城制度以来、现有140座历史文化名城中首次尝试解读“名城保护关键词”；是我市首次尝试对《北京城市总体规划（2016年—2035年）》《首都功能核心区控制性详细规划（街区层面）（2018年—2035年）》《北京历史文化名城保护条例》涉及名城保护的常用词汇予以公开解读；是我市首次尝试从名城保护公众科普角度解读北京历史脉络与价值内涵，讲述新时代北京名城保护实践与成果。

    北京是国家首批历史文化名城，传承保护好宝贵的历史文化遗产是首都的职责。我们将持续深入学习领会习近平总书记对北京重要讲话精神，全面贯彻落实党的二十大精神和市第十三次党代会部署，坚持整体保护，努力构建全覆盖、更完善的北京历史文化保护传承体系，强化“首都风范、古都风韵、时代风貌”的城市特色，擦亮中华文明“金名片”。

    部分关键词示例

    元大都

    Dadu of the Yuan Dynasty

    元朝都城。始建于元至元四年（公元 1267 年）。元大都城址位于今北京市区中心，北至北土城路，南至长安街，东西至二环路。元大都时期形成的城市轴线、道路格局和河湖水系延续至今。位于建国门的北京古观象台即建在元大都东南角楼基址之上。总面积约 53 平方千米。

    As the capital city of the Yuan Dynasty, Dadu was first built in 1267. Dadu, with a walled area of about 53 square kilometers, was located in the center of present-day central Beijing, reaching north as far as Beitucheng Road, south as far as Chang’an Avenue, and to the 2nd Ring Road to the east and west. The city axis, road pattern, and river and water systems formed during the Yuan Dynasty remain as they were to this day. The Beijing Ancient Observatory at Jianguomen gate was built on top of the foundation of the southeast corner tower of Dadu.

    四重城廓

    Quadruple-Walled City Framework

    由明清北京城的宫城、皇城、内城、外城四重城垣的轮廓构成的独特城市格局，是老城整体保护的十个重点之一。

    The City of Beijing in the Ming and Qing dynasties had a unique layout in that it comprised the Palace City, the Imperial City, the Inner City, and the Outer City. This quadruple-walled city framework is one of the ten priorities for the overall conservation of the Old City of Beijing.

    老城不能再拆

    No More Demolition in the Old City

    不能再通过大拆大建、推倒重来、拆旧建新等方式实施老城更新，要通过腾退、恢复性修建等，做到应保尽保。“老城不能再拆”是对老城整体保护提出的战略要求。

    There must be no more demolition in the Old City through large-scale renewal by pulling down old and putting up new structures, but instead there should be such measures as evacuation and restoration to preserve as much as possible. “No more demolition” is a strategic requirement for the comprehensive conservation of the Old City.

    不求所有、但求所保，向社会开放

    Protect Heritage Regardless of Ownership and Give Access to the Public

    不以产权归属作为对文物等保护对象履行保护义务的前提，提倡产权人、使用人和有关方面共同做好保护工作，并在此基础上向社会开放。

    Ownership must not be a prerequisite for the conservation of historic monuments, while property owners, users and other stakeholders should be encouraged to protect such heritage. On this basis it shall be open to the public.

    整体保护

    Comprehensive Conservation

    以系统思维对保护对象、依存环境及活态遗产和社区结构等实施全要素保护和全过程保护，实现在保护中发展、在发展中保护。在北京老城整体保护中，除保护文物、历史建筑、历史文化街区外，还要加强对历史格局、景观视廊、城市风貌等的保护。

    Overall conservation means adopting a systemic approach to the all-key-factors and whole-process conservation of the elements to be protected, the environment they depend on for survival, the living heritage, and the community fabrics, so as to realize development in the process of conservation and conservation in the process of development. In the comprehensive conservation of Beijing’s Old City, in addition to the conservation of historic monuments, historic buildings and conservation areas, the conservation of historic patterns, visual corridors and city features must also be strengthened.

    申请式退租

    Application for Termination of Tenancy

    老城历史文化街区指定片区内平房直管公房居民自愿向实施主体提出退租申请、签订申请式退租协议，经营管理单位根据协议与承租人解除租赁合同，收回直管公房使用权，实施主体给付承租人货币补偿。自愿退租的直管公房承租人领取货币补偿后，可申请区政府提供的共有产权房源和公租房房源。

    Tenants of government-subsidized and public-owned one-story houses in specific sections of the historic conservation areas of the Old City of Beijing may voluntarily apply to the authorized management entity for termination of their tenancies and sign termination agreements. The management entity may agree to terminate the lease, pay the tenant compensation, and recover the right to use the relevant public housing. Besides receiving compensation, the tenant may apply for joint-ownership housing or public rental housing provided by the local government.

    本内容由首规委办历史文化名城保护处提供